Ed. For those interested in the human rights side of the Gaza conflict, political scientist Dr. Norman Finkelstein has compiled a comprehensive bibliography, which he updates regularly on his Substack account.
- “Abandoning the basic moral principle that all human beings were created equal (“b’tselem elohim”) is a loss of humanity,” B’tselem: The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories, October 9, 2023, available at: https://www.btselem.org/press_releases/20231009_abandoning_the_basic_moral_principle_that_all_human_beings_were_created_in_gods_image_is_a_loss_of_humanity.
- “Revenge policy in motion; Israel committing war crimes in Gaza,” B’tselem: The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories, October 10, 2023, available at: https://www.btselem.org/press_releases/20231010_revenge_policy_in_motion_israel_committing_war_crimes_in_gaza.
- “Hamas must release all captives immediately; Israeli government must advance deal to release them,” B’tselem: The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories, October 11, 2023, available at: https://www.btselem.org/press_releases/20231011_hamas_must_immediately_release_all_hostages_israeli_government_must_advance_deal_to_release_them.
- “Human Rights Organizations raise a loud and clear voice against the harming of all innocent civilians,” B’tselem: The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories, October 12, 2023, available at: https://www.btselem.org/press_releases/human_rights_organizations_raise_a_loud_and_clear_voice_against_the_harming_of_all_innocent_civilians.
- “A humanitarian disaster in Gaza must be averted,” B’tselem: The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories, October 12, 2023, available at: https://www.btselem.org/press_release/20231013_a_humanitarian_disaster_in_gaza_must_be_averted.
- “Suffering does not justify suffering and, one injustice does not justify another and one crime does not warrant another,” B’tselem: The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories, October 15, 2023, available at: https://www.btselem.org/press_releases/20231015_suffering_does_not_justify_suffering_and_one_injustice_does_not_justify_another_and_one_crime_does_not_warrant_another.
- “Under cover of Gaza war, settlers working to fulfil state goal of Judaizing Area C,” B’tselem: The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories, October 19, 2023, available at: https://www.btselem.org/press_releases/20231019_under_cover_of_gaza_fighting_settlers_working_to_fulfil_state_goal_of_judaizing_area_c
- “One crime does not justify another. The attack against civilians in Gaza must end,” B’tselem: The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories, October 19, 2023, available at: https://www.btselem.org/gaza_strip/20231019_one_crime_does_not_justify_anothert_he_attack_against_civilians_in_gaza_must_end
- “Voices from Gaza,” B’tselem: The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories, available at: https://www.btselem.org/voices_from_gaza.
- “Human beings are not bargaining chips – release the captives now,” B’tselem: The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories, October 23, 2023, available at: https://www.btselem.org/israeli_civilians/20231023_human_beings_are_not_bargaining_chips_release_the_captives_now.
- “Protect civilians from the impact of hostilities,” B’tselem: The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories, October 27, 2023, available at: https://www.btselem.org/press_releases/20231027_protect_civilians_from_the_impact_of_hostilities
- “Emergency call to the international community – stop the forcible transfer in the West Bank,” B’tselem: The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories, October 29, 2023, available at: https://www.btselem.org/press_releases/20231029_joint_emergency_call_to_the_international_community_stop_the_forcible_transfer_in_the_west_bank
- “Israel must not bomb a-Shifaa Hospital,” B’tselem: The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories, November 7, 2023, available at: https://www.btselem.org/press_releases/20231107_israel_must_not_bomb_a_shifaa_hospital
- “Israel has killed more than 10,000 people, over half of them women and children, in its attacks on Gaza. It must stop,” B’tselem: The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories, November 8, 2023, available at: https://www.btselem.org/gaza_strip/20231108_israel_has_killed_more_than_10000_people_in_gaza_it_must_stop
- “Israel holding 750 families in Hebron’s Area H2 under curfew for last month, in form of collective punishment,” B’tselem: The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories, November 9, 2023, available at: https://www.btselem.org/hebron/202301109_israel_holding_750_palestinians_in_hebrons_area_h2_under_curfew_for_last_month_in_form_of_collective_punishment#full
- “Gaza needs a humanitarian pause now,” B’tselem: The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories, November 10, 2023, available at: https://www.btselem.org/press_releases/20231110_gaza_needs_a_humanitarian_pause_now
- “Israel using Gaza war to forcibly transfer Palestinians from South Hebron Hills,” B’tselem: The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories, November 13, 2023, available at: https://www.btselem.org/south_hebron_hills/20231113_israel_using_gaza_war_to_forcibly_transfer_palestinians_from_south_hebron_hills
- “Nowhere to go: Israeli military evacuation order for east of Khan Yunis unfeasible,” B’tselem: The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories, November 16, 2023, available at: https://www.btselem.org/gaza_strip/20231116_nowhere_to_go_israeli_military_evacuation_order_for_east_of_khan_yunis_unfeasible
Human Rights Watch
- “Israel/Palestine: Devastating Civilian Toll as Parties Flout Legal Obligations,” Human Rights Watch, October 9, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/israel/palestine-devastating-civilian-toll-parties-flout-legal-obligations.
- “Questions and Answers: October 2023 Hostilities between Israel and Palestinian Armed Groups,” Human Rights Watch, October 9, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/09/questions-and-answers-october-2023-hostilities-between-israel-and-palestinian-armed.
- “Hamas-Led Attack in Southern Israel Kills Hundreds,” Human Rights Watch, October 10, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/10/hamas-led-attack-southern-israel-kills-hundreds.
- “With Gaza Sealed Off, Palestinians Face Aid Freezes Too,” Human Rights Watch, October 11, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/11/gaza-sealed-palestinians-face-aid-freezes-too.
- “Israel: White Phosphorus Used in Gaza, Lebanon,” Human Rights Watch, October 12, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/12/israel-white-phosphorus-used-gaza-lebanon.
- “Questions and Answers on Israel’s Use of White Phosphorus in Gaza and Lebanon,” Human Rights Watch, October 12, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/12/questions-and-answers-israels-use-white-phosphorus-gaza-and-lebanon.
- “Amid Israel/Palestine Hostilities, Brazil Should Press to Respect International Law,” Human Rights Watch, October 13, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/13/amid-israel/palestine-hostilities-brazil-should-press-respect-international-law.
- “Israel/Palestine: Letter to the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court,” Human Rights Watch, October 13, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/13/israel/palestine-letter-prosecutor-international-criminal-court.
- “Nowhere to Go in Gaza,” Human Rights Watch, October 13, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/13/nowhere-go-gaza.
- “Questions and Answers: The Humanitarian Catastrophe in Gaza,” Human Rights Watch, October 16, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/16/questions-and-answers-humanitarian-catastrophe-gaza.
- “Why Israel’s Gaza Evacuation Order is So Alarming,” Human Rights Watch, October 16, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/16/why-israels-gaza-evacuation-order-so-alarming.
- Sara Yager, “What Israel can learn from America’s counterterrorism missteps,” Human Rights Watch, October 18, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/18/what-israel-can-learn-americas-counterterrorism-missteps
- “Israel: Unlawful Gaza blockade deadly for children,” Human Rights Watch, October 18, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/18/israel-unlawful-gaza-blockade-deadly-children.
- Tom Porteous, “International humanitarian law applies to all states,” Human Rights Watch, October 19, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/19/international-humanitarian-law-applies-all-states
- Omar Shakir, Yasmine Ahmend, Akshaya Kumar, “We are seeing urgent signs of more mutual mass atrocities to come in Israel and Gaza,” Human Rights Watch, October 20, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/20/we-are-seeing-urgent-signs-more-mutual-mass-atrocities-come-israel-and-gaza.
- “Israel: Immediately restore electricity, water, aid to Gaza,” Human Rights Watch, October 21, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/21/israel-immediately-restore-electricity-water-aid-gaza
- Sari Bashi, “Israel: Still blocking aid to civilians in Gaza,” Human Rights Watch, October 23, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/23/israel-still-blocking-aid-civilians-gaza.
- Heather Barr, “Israel’s unlawful blockade of Gaza sparks women’s rights crisis,” Human Rights Watch, October 24, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/24/israels-unlawful-blockade-gaza-sparks-womens-rights-crisis
- Balkees Jarrah, “Countries should back ICC investigation on Israel-Palestine,” Human Rights Watch, October 25, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/25/countries-should-back-icc-investigation-israel-palestine
- Louis Charbonneau, “UN General Assembly should act on Gaza,” Human Rights Watch, October 25, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/25/un-general-assembly-should-act-gaza
- “Israel-Palestine hostilities affect rights in Europe,” Human Rights Watch, October 26, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/26/israel-palestine-hostilities-affect-rights-europe
- Clive Baldwin, “How does international humanitarian law apply in Israel and Gaza,” Human Rights Watch, October 27, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/27/how-does-international-humanitarian-law-apply-israel-and-gaza
- “Israel/Palestine: Grave concerns for civilians in ground offensive,” Human Rights Watch, October 29, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/29/israel/palestine-grave-concerns-civilians-ground-offensive
- Sari Bashi, “Gaza’s blocked relief,” Human Rights Watch, October 30, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/30/gazas-blocked-relief
- “Gaza: Israeli attacks, blockade devastating for people with disabilities,” Human Rights Watch, November 1, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/11/01/gaza-israeli-attacks-blockade-devastating-people-disabilities
- Erin Kilbride, “Switzerland decides to suspend funding for rights defenders in Israel, Palestine,” Human Rights Watch, November 1, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/11/01/switzerland-decides-suspend-funding-rights-defenders-israel-palestine
- “US: Protect free expression in Israel/Palestine crisis,” Human Rights Watch, November 2, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/11/02/us-protect-free-expression-israel/palestine-crisis
- Elaine Pearson, “Asian migrant workers victims of Hamas-led attacks,” Human Rights Watch, November 3, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/11/03/asian-migrant-workers-victims-hamas-led-attacks
- Abier Almasri, “I left Gaza for work and now can’t return. Watching it bleed from afar is a nightmare,” Human Rights Watch, November 6, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/11/06/i-left-gaza-work-and-now-cant-return-watching-it-bleed-afar-nightmare
- “Suspend arms to Israel, Palestinian armed groups,” Human Rights Watch, November 6, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/11/06/suspend-arms-israel-palestinian-armed-groups
- “Gaza: Israeli ambulance strike apparently unlawful,” Human Rights Watch, November 7, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/11/07/gaza-israeli-ambulance-strike-apparently-unlawful
- “Human Rights Watch letter to EU foreign ministers on Gaza,” Human Rights Watch, November 8, 2023, available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/11/08/human-rights-watch-letter-eu-foreign-ministers-gaza
Amnesty International
- “Israel/OPT: Civilians on both sides paying the price of unprecedented escalation in hostilities between Israel and Gaza as death toll mounts,” Amnesty International, October 7, 2023, available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/10/israel-opt-civilians-on-both-sides-paying-the-price-of-unprecedented-escalation-in-hostilities-between-israel-and-gaza-as-death-toll-mounts/.
- “Israel: Palestinian armed groups must be held accountable for deliberate civilian killings, abductions and indiscriminate attacks,” Amnesty International, October 12, 2023, available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/10/israel-palestinian-armed-groups-must-be-held-accountable-for-deliberate-civilian-killings-abductions-and-indiscriminate-attacks/.
- “Israel/OPT: Israel must lift illegal and inhumane blockade on Gaza as power plant runs out of fuel,” Amnesty International, October 12, 2023, available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/10/israel-opt-israel-must-lift-illegal-and-inhumane-blockade-on-gaza-as-power-plant-runs-out-of-fuel/.
- “Israel/OPT: Appalling Gaza ‘evacuation order’ must be rescinded by Israel immediately,” Amnesty International, October 13, 2023, available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/10/israel-opt-appalling-gaza-evacuation-order-must-be-rescinded-by-israel-immediately/.
- “Ban on protests supporting Palestinians is disproportionate attack on the right to protest in France,” Amnesty International, October 16, 2023, available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/10/ban-on-protests-supporting-palestinians-is-disproportionate-attack-on-the-right-to-protest-in-france/.
- “Europe: Right to protest must be protected during latest escalation in Israel/OPT,” Amnesty International, October 20, 2023, available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/10/europe-right-to-protest-must-be-protected-during-latest-escalations-in-israel-opt/
- “Damning evidence of war crimes as Israeli attacks wipe out entire families in Gaza,” Amnesty International, October 20, 2023, available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/10/damning-evidence-of-war-crimes-as-israeli-attacks-wipe-out-entire-families-in-gaza/
- “Israel/OPT: Israeli army threats ordering residents of northern Gaza to leave may amount to war crimes,” Amnesty International, October 25, 2023, available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/10/israel-opt-israeli-army-threats-ordering-residents-of-northern-gaza-to-leave-may-amount-to-war-crimes/
- “Israel/OPT: Urgent call for an immediate ceasefire by all parties to end unprecedented civilian suffering,” Amnesty International, October 26, 2023, available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/10/israel-opt-urgent-call-for-an-immediate-ceasefire-by-all-parties-to-end-unprecedented-civilian-suffering/
- “Global: Social media companies must step up crisis response on Israel-Palestine as online hate and censorship proliferate,” Amnesty International, October 27, 2023, available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/10/global-social-media-companies-must-step-up-crisis-response-on-israel-palestine-as-online-hate-and-censorship-proliferate/
- “Israel/OPT: Civilians in Gaza at unprecedented risk as Israel imposes communication black-out during bombardment and expanding ground attacks,” Amnesty International, October 27, 2023, available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/10/israel-opt-civilians-in-gaza-at-unprecedented-risk-as-israel-imposes-communication-black-out-during-bombardment-and-expanding-ground-attacks/
- “Israel/OPT: Hamas and other armed groups must release civilian hostages and treat all captives humanely,” Amnesty International, November 7, 2023, available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/11/israel-opt-hamas-and-other-armed-groups-must-release-civilian-hostages-and-treat-all-captives-humanely/
- “Israel/OPT: Horrifying cases of torture and degrading treatment of Palestinian detainees amid spike in arbitrary arrests,” Amnesty International, November 8, 2023, available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/11/israel-opt-horrifying-cases-of-torture-and-degrading-treatment-of-palestinian-detainees-amid-spike-in-arbitrary-arrests/
- “Israel/OPT: Amnesty petition demanding ceasefire to end civilian suffering backed by more than one million signatures,” Amnesty International, November 10, 2023, available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/11/israel-opt-amnesty-petition-demanding-ceasefire-to-end-civilian-suffering-backed-by-more-than-one-million-signatures/
- “EU leaders must call for ceasefire now to protect civilians,” Amnesty International, November 13, 2023, available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/11/eu-leaders-must-call-for-ceasefire-now-to-protect-civilians/
- “Global: UNSC Resolution on ‘humanitarian pauses’ in Gaza presents vital opportunity to stop massive suffering,” Amnesty International, November 16, 2023, available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/11/unsc-resolution-gaza-opportunity-stop-massive-suffering/
- “Israel/OPT: ‘Nowhere safe in Gaza’: Unlawful Israeli strikes illustrate callous disregard for Palestinian lives,” Amnesty International, November 20, 2023, available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/11/israel-opt-nowhere-safe-in-gaza-unlawful-israeli-strikes-illustrate-callous-disregard-for-palestinian-lives/
- “Israel/OPT: Deal to release hostages and prisoners must pave way for further releases and a sustained ceasefire,” Amnesty International, November 22, 2023, available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/11/israel-opt-deal-to-release-hostages-and-prisoners-must-pave-way-for-further-releases-and-a-sustained-ceasefire/
Al-Haq
- “Urgent Israel Announces Total Warfare on Gaza’s Civilian Population, Employing Starvation as a Weapon,” Al-Haq, October 9, 2023, available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/21830.html.
- “Palestinian human rights organizations call on the international community to intervene to stop Israeli massacres in Gaza and provide protection to Palestinian civilians,” Al-Haq, October 10, 2023, available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/21838.html.
- “Days 3-4: Israel’s Massacre of Civilians in Gaza Continues Unabated in the Silence of the International Community,” Al-Haq, October 11, 2023, available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/21858.html.
- “Days 4-5: Israel destroys entire residential neighborhoods and intensifies mass killings of Palestinians in Gaza,” Al-Haq, October 11, 2023, available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/21868.html.
- “License to Kill: Third States Disregard their International Responsibility to Act to Prevent Israel’s Violation of Jus Cogens Norms.” Al-Haq, October 12, 2023, available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/21873.html.
- “Al-Haq, Al Mezan, and PCHR. Send Urgent Appeal to UN Special Procedures and the Commission of Inquiry on Israel’s Total Warfare on Gaza’s Civilian Population,” Al-Haq, October 12, 2023, available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/21878.html.
- “Days 5-6: Following Genocidal Statements, Israel Escalates Attacks on Gaza’s Civilian Population Through Killing, Starvation and Cutting Off Vital Supplies,” Al-Haq, October 12, 2023, available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/21877.html.
- “Joint Urgent Appeal to UN Special Procedures on Journalists Killed While Reporting in Gaza, Highlights Israel in Breach of International Law,” Al-Haq, October 13, 2023, available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/21894.html.
- “Urgent: Israel’s Evacuation Order to 1.1 Million Palestinians in Gaza is Direct Forcible Transfer, Urgent Intervention is Needed,” Al-Haq, October 13, 2023, available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/21896.html.
- “Urgent Action: Palestinian Human Rights Organisations Call on Third States to Urgently Intervene to Protect the Palestinian People Against Genocide,” Al-Haq, October 13, 2023, available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/21898.html.
- “EU leadership must put an end to its double standards and complicity in Israel’s crimes against the Palestinian people,” Al-Haq, October 14, 2023, available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/gaza-strip.
- “Palestinian Civil Society Organisations Submit Recommendations for the European Parliament Motion for a Resolution on Palestine,” Al-Haq, October 17, 2023, available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/gaza-strip.
- “No safe place: Despite ‘evacuation order,’ Israel continues to carpet bomb Gaza from north to south,” Al-Haq, October 18, 2023, available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/21927.html
- “Destruction of al-Rimal neighborhood in Gaza City, an attack on the economic existence of a national group,” Al-Haq, October 19, 2023, available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/21943.html
- “Urgent international intervention is needed to protect Palestinians in northern Gaza,” Al-Haq, October 22, 2023, available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/21988.html
- “Israel’s last evacuation order requires urgent international intervention to protect Gaza’s civilian population, who have nowhere left to shelter,” Al-Haq, October 29, 2023, available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/22041.html
- “Gaza hospitals are collapsing and can be targeted anytime: The international community must intervene and stop more Israeli massacres of Palestinian civilians,” Al-Haq, November 2, 2023, available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/22075.html
- “As the death toll in Gaza exceeds 10,000 in a month, Palestinian organizations call for an immediate end to Israel’s genocidal warfare against Palestinians,” Al-Haq, November 7, 2023, available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/22119.html
- “Initial reporting on the ongoing Israeli retaliatory attacks on Gaza (Reporting Period, 7-28 October 2023),” Al-Haq, November 12, 2023, available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/22044.html
- “On World Children’s Day: ICC should immediately issue arrest warrants for Israeli officials responsible for flagrant international crimes against Palestinian children,” Al-Haq, November 21, 2023, available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/22214.html
Al-Mezan Center for Human Rights
- “Testimonies from Al Mezan staff in Gaza: Hussein,” Al Mezan Center for Human Rights, October 16, 2023, available at: https://www.mezan.org/en/post/46292/Testimonies-from-Al-Mezan-staff-in-Gaza:-Hussein
- “Genocide scholars and 100 Palestinian and international civil society organizations call on prosecutor Khan to issue arrest warrants, investigate Israeli crimes and intervene to deter incitement to commit genocide in Gaza,” Al Mezan Center for Human Rights, October 20, 2023, available at: https://www.mezan.org/en/post/46295/Genocide-Scholars-and-100-Palestinian-and-International-Civil-Society-Organisations-Call-on-Prosecutor-Khan-to-Issue-Arrest-Warrants,-Investigate-Israeli-Crimes-and-Intervene-to-Deter-Incitement-to-Commit-Genocide-in-Gaza
United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner
- “Commission of Inquiry collecting evidence of war crimes committed by all sides in Israel and Occupied Palestinian Territories since 7 October 2023,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, October 10, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/10/commission-inquiry-collecting-evidence-war-crimes-committed-all-sides-israel.
- “UN Human Rights Chief urges States to defuse ‘powder keg’ situation in Israel and OPT, as incalculable suffering, massive death tolls take hold,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, October 10, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/10/un-human-rights-chief-urges-states-defuse-powder-keg-situation-israel-and.
- “Israel/occupied Palestinian territory: UN experts deplore attacks on civilians, call for truce and urge international community to address root causes of violence,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, October 12, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/10/israeloccupied-palestinian-territory-un-experts-deplore-attacks-civilians.
- “Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, October 13, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-briefing-notes/2023/10/israel-and-occupied-palestinian-territories.
- “Israel must rescind evacuation order northern Gaza and comply with international law: UN expert,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, October 13, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/10/israel-must-rescind-evacuation-order-northern-gaza-and-comply-international.
- “Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, October 13, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-briefing-notes/2023/10/israel-and-occupied-palestinian-territories.
- “UN expert urges immediate ceasefire and humanitarian access as Gaza health sector reaches ‘breaking point,’” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, October 17, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/10/un-expert-urges-immediate-ceasefire-and-humanitarian-access-gaza-health.
- “Latest: Occupied Palestinian Territory/Israel,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, October 17, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-briefing-notes/2023/10/latest-occupied-palestinian-territoryisrael.
- “Gaza: UN experts decry bombing of hospitals and schools as crimes against humanity, call for prevention of genocide,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, October 19, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/10/gaza-un-experts-decry-bombing-hospitals-and-schools-crimes-against-humanity
- “UN experts say rights of victims of terrorism must be protected, insist counter-terrorism cannot be basis to breach international law,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, October 19, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/10/un-experts-say-rights-victims-terrorism-must-be-protected-insist-counter
- “Update: OPT/Israel,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, October 20, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-briefing-notes/2023/10/update-optisrael
- “Türk: All parties must respect international laws in Israel-Gaza escalation,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, October 20, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-briefing-notes/2023/10/turk-all-parties-must-respect-international-laws-israel-gaza
- “Israel/Gaza: UN experts urge lawyers advising Israeli military to refuse legal authorization of actions that could amount to war crimes,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, October 23, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/10/israelgaza-un-experts-urge-lawyers-advising-israeli-military-refuse-legal
- “Israel/OPT: Türk says humanity must come first, urges humanitarian ceasefire,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, October 23, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/10/israel-opt-turk-says-humanity-must-come-first-urges-humanitarian-ceasefire
- ‘“Unchilded’ from birth: UN expert calls for decisive protection of Palestinian children under Israeli rule,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, October 24, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/10/unchilded-birth-un-expert-calls-decisive-protection-palestinian-children
- “Gaza/Israel: Türk appeals to all sides to heed the calls for peace,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, October 27, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-briefing-notes/2023/10/gazaisrael-turk-appeals-all-sides-heed-calls-peace
- “Occupied Gaza Strip: UN Committee calls for immediate ceasefire and urges end to hate speech amid fears of broader conflict,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, October 27, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/10/occupied-gaza-strip-un-committee-calls-immediate-ceasefire-and-urges-end
- “Grave violence in Israel and Gaza has outraged the conscience of humanity, UN Commission of Inquiry says,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, October 27, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/10/grave-violence-israel-and-gaza-has-outraged-conscience-humanity-un
- “UN Child Rights Committee condemns killing of children in Gaza Strip,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, November 1, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/11/un-child-rights-committee-condemns-killing-children-gaza-strip
- “Gaza is ‘running out of time’ UN experts warn, demanding a ceasefire to prevent genocide,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, November 2, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/11/gaza-running-out-time-un-experts-warn-demanding-ceasefire-prevent-genocide
- “Alarming, urgent situation in the occupied West Bank, including East Jerusalem,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, November 3, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-briefing-notes/2023/11/alarming-urgent-situation-occupied-west-bank-including-east-jerusalem
- “UN Human Rights Chief condemns rise in hatred,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, November 4, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/11/un-human-rights-chief-condemns-rise-hatred
- “UN Human Rights Chief travels to the Middle East in context of conflict in Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territory,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, November 7, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/media-advisories/2023/11/un-human-rights-chief-travels-middle-east-context-conflict-israel-and
- “Gaza: Destroying civilian housing and infrastructure is an international crime, warns UN expert,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, November 8, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/11/gaza-destroying-civilian-housing-and-infrastructure-international-crime
- “Gaza: UN experts call on international community to prevent genocide against the Palestinian people,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, November 16, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/11/gaza-un-experts-call-international-community-prevent-genocide-against
- “Israel must stop using water as a weapon of war: UN expert,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, November 17, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/11/israel-must-stop-using-water-weapon-war-un-expert
- “Horrendous Gaza violence must stop,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, November 19, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/11/horrendous-gaza-violence-must-stop
- “Speaking out on Gaza/Israel must be allowed: UN experts,” United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, November 23, 2023, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/11/speaking-out-gaza-israel-must-be-allowed-un-experts
International Committee of the Red Cross
- “Israel and the Occupied Territories: Targeting civilians leads to further spirals of violence and hatred,” International Committee of the Red Cross, October 10, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/israel-and-occupied-territories-targeting-civilians-leads-further-spirals-violence-and-hatred.
- “Israel and the Occupied Territories: Hospitals risk turning into morgues without electricity; hostages must be released immediately,” International Committee of the Red Cross, October 12, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/israel-and-occupied-territories-hospitals-risk-turning-morgues-without-electricity-hostages-must-be-released.
- “Israel and the Occupied Territories: Evacuation order of Gaza triggers catastrophic humanitarian consequences,” International Committee of the Red Cross, October 13, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/israel-and-occupied-territories-evacuation-order-of-gaza-triggers-catastrophic-humanitarian-consequences.
- “Joint Statement from Jagan Chapagain, Secretary General of the IFRC and Robert Mardini, Director General of the ICRC, on the escalation of hostilities in Israel and Gaza,” International Committee of the Red Cross, October 14, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/joint-statement-jagan-chapagain-secretary-general-ifrc-and-robert-mardini-director-general.
- “Information for people affected by the conflict in Gaza and the West Bank,” International Committee of the Red Cross, October 20, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/information-people-affected-conflict-occupied-territories
- “Information for people affected by the conflict in Israel,” International Committee of the Red Cross, October 20, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/information-people-affected-conflict-israel
- “Israel and the occupied territories: ICRC helps in the release of hostages in Gaza,” International Committee of the Red Cross, October 20, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/israel-and-occupied-territories-icrc-helps-release-hostages-gaza
- “Israel and the occupied territories: War surgery team, new medical supplies arrive in Gaza amidst a deepening humanitarian crisis,” International Committee of the Red Cross, October 27, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/israel-and-occupied-territories-war-surgery-team-new-medical-supplies-arrive-gaza
- “Israel and the occupied territories: Deescalate now to prevent further human suffering,” International Committee of the Red Cross, October 28, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/israel-and-occupied-territories-deescalate-now-prevent-further-human-suffering
- “Israel and the Occupied Territories: Rising violence in the West Bank may have irreversible consequences for communities,”International Committee of the Red Cross, October 31, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/rising-violence-west-bank-may-have-irreversible-consequences-communities
- “Israel and the Occupied Territories: Ambulances arrive at Rafah crossing; ICRC calls for the protection of medical facilities and personnel,” International Committee of the Red Cross, November 11, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/israel-and-occupied-territories-ambulances-arrive-at-rafah-crossing
- “Israel and the Occupied Territories: ICRC’ response to humanitarian needs generated by recent outbreak of hostilities,” International Committee of the Red Cross, November 11, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/israel-and-occupied-territories-icrc-response-humanitarian-needs-generated-recent-outbreak
- “Israel and the occupied territories: Horrific suffering of civilians must end,” International Committee of the Red Cross, November 7, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/israel-and-occupied-territories-horrific-suffering-civilians-must-end
- “Israel and the occupied territories: ICRC decries the shooting of its humanitarian convoy in Gaza,” International Committee of the Red Cross, November 7, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/israel-and-occupied-territories-icrc-decries-shooting-its-humanitarian-convoy-gaza
- “ICRC president tells Gaza forum: civilians must be protected, hostages must be released unharmed,” International Committee of the Red Cross, November 9, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/icrc-president-tells-paris-conference-gaza-immediate-imperative-is-to-save-lives
- “Israel and the Occupied Territories: ICRC demands protection of patients, healthcare workers, medical facilities in Gaza amid escalating attacks,” International Committee of the Red Cross, November 10, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/israel-and-occupied-territories-icrc-demands-protection-patients-healthcare-workers-medical-facilities-in-gaza
- “Israel and the Occupied Territories: The ICRC urges protection for Gaza civilians evacuating and staying behind,” International Committee of the Red Cross, November 12, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/israel-and-occupied-territories-icrc-urges-protection-gaza-civilians-evacuating-and-staying
- “ICRC president to meet with families of hostages,” International Committee of the Red Cross, November 14, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/icrc-president-meet-families-hostages
- “Frequently asked questions on ICRC and the hostages held in Gaza,” International Committee of the Red Cross, November 20, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/frequently-asked-questions-icrc-and-hostages-held-gaza
- “ICRC President in Qatar to urge progress to alleviate humanitarian crisis,” International Committee of the Red Cross, November 20, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/icrc-president-in-qatar-urge-progress-to-alleviate-humanitarian-crisis
- “Israel and the occupied territories,” International Committee of the Red Cross, November 21, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/where-we-work/middle-east/israel-and-occupied-territories
- “Israel and the Occupied Territories: ICRC teams begin multi-day operation to reunite hostages and detainees with their families, deliver assistance,” International Committee of the Red Cross, November 24, 2023, available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/israel-and-occupied-territories-operation-reunite-hostages-detainees-families-deliver-assistance
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)
- “Hostilities in the Gaza Strip and Israel | Flash Update #1”, United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, October 7, 2023, available at:
- “Hostilities in the Gaza Strip and Israel | Flash Update #2”, United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs,, October 8, 2023, available at: https://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/escalation-gaza-strip-and-israel-flash-update-2
- “Hostilities in the Gaza Strip and Israel | Flash Update #3”, United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs,, October 9, 2023, available at: https://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/escalation-gaza-strip-and-israel-flash-update-3
- “Hostilities in the Gaza Strip and Israel | Flash Update #4”, United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs,, October 10, 2023, available at: https://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/unrwa-situation-report-4-situation-gaza-strip-11-october-2023
- “Hostilities in the Gaza Strip and Israel | Flash Update #5”, United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs,, October 11, 2023, available at: https://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/hostilities-gaza-strip-and-israel-flash-update-5
- “Hostilities in the Gaza Strip and Israel | Flash Update #6”, United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, October 12, 2023, available at: https://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/hostilities-gaza-strip-and-israel-flash-update-6
- “Hostilities in the Gaza Strip and Israel | Flash Appeal”, United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs,, October 12, 2023, available at: https://www.ochaopt.org/content/hostilities-gaza-and-israel-flash-appeal
- “Hostilities in the Gaza Strip and Israel | Flash Update #7”, United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs,, October 13, 2023, available at: https://www.ochaopt.org/content/hostilities-gaza-strip-and-israel-flash-update-7
- “It’s been a dreadful week. Humanity must prevail,” United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs,, October 14, 2023, available at: https://www.ochaopt.org/content/it-s-been-dreadful-week-humanity-must-prevail
- “Hostilities in the Gaza Strip and Israel | Flash Update #8,” United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs,, October 14, 2023, available at: https://www.ochaopt.org/content/hostilities-gaza-strip-and-israel-flash-update-8
- “Hostilities in the Gaza Strip and Israel | Flash Update #9,” United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs,, October 15, 2023, available at: https://www.ochaopt.org/content/hostilities-gaza-strip-and-israel-flash-update-9
- “Hostilities in the Gaza Strip and Israel | Flash Update #10,” United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs,, October 16, 2023, available at: https://www.ochaopt.org/content/hostilities-gaza-strip-and-israel-flash-update-10
- “Hostilities in the Gaza Strip and Israel | Flash Update #11,” United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs,, October 17, 2023, available at: https://www.ochaopt.org/content/hostilities-gaza-strip-and-israel-flash-update-11
- “Hostilities in the Gaza Strip and Israel | Flash Update #12,” United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, October 18, 2023, available at: https://www.ochaopt.org/content/hostilities-gaza-strip-and-israel-flash-update-12
- “We need immediate, safe humanitarian access across all of Gaza, UN relief chief tells Security Council,” United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, October 18, 2023, available at: https://www.ochaopt.org/content/we-need-immediate-safe-humanitarian-access-across-all-gaza-un-relief-chief-tells-security-council
- “Hostilities in the Gaza Strip and Israel | Flash Update #13,” United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, October 18, 2023, available at: https://www.ochaopt.org/content/hostilities-gaza-strip-and-israel-flash-update-13
- “The Gaza Strip: UNRWA headquarters compound sustains damage due to ongoing airstrikes,” United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, October 10, 2023, available at: https://www.unrwa.org/newsroom/official-statements/gaza-strip-unrwa-headquarters-compound-sustains-damage-due-ongoing-airstrikes
- “Eleven UNRWA staff and personnel killed in the Gaza Strip, from Jenifer Austin, deputy director UNRWA affairs Gaza,” United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, October 11, 2023, available at: https://www.unrwa.org/newsroom/official-statements/eleven-unrwa-staff-and-personnel-killed-gaza-strip-jenifer-austin
- “Official UNRWA statement from Juliette Touma, UNRWA director of communications,” United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, October 13, 2023, available at: https://www.unrwa.org/newsroom/official-statements/juliette-touma-unrwa-director-communications
- “Gaza abyss: Civilians are dying at the world’s watch,” United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, October 13, 2023, available at: https://www.unrwa.org/newsroom/official-statements/gaza-abyss-civilians-are-dying-world%E2%80%99s-watch-unrwa-urges-protection
- “A matter of life and death: Water runs out for 2 million people in Gaza,” United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, October 14, 2023, available at: https://www.unrwa.org/newsroom/official-statements/matter-life-and-death-water-runs-out-2-million-people-gaza
- “UNRWA urgently calls to protect civilians, including those sheltered in its premises in northern Gaza and Gaza City,” United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, October 14, 2023, available at: https://www.unrwa.org/newsroom/official-statements/unrwa-urgently-calls-protect-civilians
- “UNRWA commissioner-general Philippe Lazzarini remarks on the situation in the Gaza Strip,” United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, October 15, 2023, available at: https://www.unrwa.org/newsroom/official-statements/unrwa-commissioner-general-philippe-lazzarini%E2%80%AF-remarks%E2%80%AF-situation-gaza-strip
- “Gaza: UNRWA school sheltering displaced families is hit,” United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, October 17, 2023, available at: https://www.unrwa.org/newsroom/official-statements/gaza-unrwa-school-sheltering-displaced-families-hit
- “Statement attributable to the spokesperson for the secretary-general – on the situation in Gaza,” United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, October 18 2023, available at: https://www.unrwa.org/newsroom/official-statements/statement-attributable-spokesperson-secretary-general-situation-gaza
- “Statement of UNRWA commissioner-general Philippe Lazzarini to the Participants of the 18th extraordinary session of the council of foreign ministers of the organization of Islamic cooperation,” United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, October 18 2023, available at: https://www.unrwa.org/newsroom/official-statements/statement-unrwa-commissioner-general-philippe-lazzarini